So today a few of us made the journey south of downtown Houston to Sparkle’s Hamburger Spot. A co-worker of mine suggested a few days ago that we give Sparkle’s a try as he had heard that they have won the prestigious award of Best Milkshake in Houston. Today is one of those days where I get excited over the possibility to try a new burger. Animal, animal meat Plant, plant-based alternative meat TMAO, trimethylamine-N-oxide.Click here for a map A Sparkling Introduction. For participants assigned to the Animal group first, TMAO concentrations were significantly lower during the Plant than during the Animal phase (mean ± SEM: 2.9 ± 0.4 and 6.4 ± 1.5 µM, respectively, P = 0.007). For participants assigned to the Plant group first, TMAO concentrations were not significantly different at weeks 8 and 16 (mean ± SEM: 2.5 ± 0.4 and 3.0 ± 0.6 µM, respectively, P = 0.28, Wilcoxon test). However, a significant order effect was observed ( P = 0.02). Significant differences in TMAO concentrations after 8 wk of Plant compared with Animal were observed ( P = 0.01). (B) Spaghetti plots of each participant's data across the full protocol means are represented by filled squares. (A) Boxplots with medians, IQRs, 5th and 95th percentiles, and extreme values. ![]() ![]() TMAO concentrations at 7 time points (baseline and biweekly during the 16-wk protocol) by randomization order: Plant→Animal ( n = 18) and Animal→Plant ( n = 18). Mean ± SEM LDL-cholesterol concentrations (109.9 ± 4.5 compared with 120.7 ± 4.5 mg/dL, P = 0.002) and weight (78.7 ± 3.0 compared with 79.6 ± 3.0 kg, P < 0.001) were lower during the Plant phase.Īmong generally healthy adults, contrasting Plant with Animal intake, while keeping all other dietary components similar, the Plant products improved several cardiovascular disease risk factors, including TMAO there were no adverse effects on risk factors from the Plant products.This trial was registered at as NCT03718988.Ĭardiovascular disease risk factors diet meat plant-based alternative meat randomized controlled trial trimethylamine-N-oxide.Ĭopyright © The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2020. Exploratory analyses of the microbiome failed to reveal possible responder compared with nonresponder factors. TMAO concentrations were significantly lower for Plant among the n = 18 who received Plant second (2.9 ± 0.4 compared with 6.4 ± 1.5, Plant compared with Animal, P = 0.007), but not for the n = 18 who received Plant first (2.5 ± 0.4 compared with 3.0 ± 0.6, Plant compared with Animal, P = 0.23). Mean ± SEM TMAO concentrations were significantly lower overall for Plant (2.7 ± 0.3) than for Animal (4.7 ± 0.9) (P = 0.012), but a significant order effect was observed (P = 0.023). Mean ± SD servings per day were not different by intervention sequence: 2.5 ± 0.6 compared with 2.6 ± 0.7 for Plant and Animal, respectively (P = 0.76). The 36 participants who provided complete data for both crossover phases included 67% women, were 69% Caucasian, had a mean ± SD age 50 ± 14 y, and BMI 28 ± 5 kg/m2. Participants were instructed to consume ≥2 servings/d of Plant compared with Animal for 8 wk each, while keeping all other foods and beverages as similar as possible between the 2 phases. Participants received Plant and Animal products, dietary counseling, lab assessments, microbiome assessments (16S), and anthropometric measurements. SWAP-MEAT (The Study With Appetizing Plantfood-Meat Eating Alternatives Trial) was a single-site, randomized crossover trial with no washout period. Secondary outcomes included fasting insulin-like growth factor 1, lipids, glucose, insulin, blood pressure, and weight. ![]() The primary outcome was fasting serum trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). We aimed to compare the effect of consuming plant-based alternative meat (Plant) as opposed to animal meat (Animal) on health factors. Despite the rising popularity of plant-based alternative meats, there is limited evidence of the health effects of these products.
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